Rugby is one of the world’s most physical team sports. Players run fast, tackle hard, and sometimes collide with opponents at full speed. If you watch a rugby match closely, you’ll notice nearly every player has a mouthguard. This isn’t just for show. There are strong reasons why mouthguards are so important in rugby. Many beginners or new fans wonder: why do rugby players wear mouthguards? Let’s break down the real reasons, how mouthguards work, and what players can expect by using them.
The Main Purpose Of Mouthguards In Rugby
The main job of a mouthguard is to protect the teeth and mouth. Rugby is a contact sport, and injuries can happen in a split second. A mouthguard acts as a cushion between the upper and lower teeth. When a player gets hit in the mouth or jaw, the mouthguard absorbs some of the shock, lowering the risk of injury.
But mouthguards do more than just protect teeth. They help prevent serious injuries to the lips, gums, cheeks, and even the tongue. Some experts also believe that mouthguards can lower the chance of certain jaw injuries and may reduce the risk of concussions, though research is still ongoing.
Types Of Injuries Prevented By Mouthguards
Rugby players face a high risk of mouth and facial injuries. Here are some of the most common injuries that mouthguards help prevent:
- Tooth fractures or loss: A direct hit can break or knock out teeth. Mouthguards soften the blow.
- Cut lips and cheeks: Teeth can cut the inside of the mouth during impact. Mouthguards cover sharp edges.
- Jaw injuries: A hard collision can push the jaw back. Mouthguards offer some shock absorption.
- Tongue injuries: Biting the tongue during a tackle is painful and common without protection.
- Gum damage: A blow to the mouth can injure gums, leading to bleeding and swelling.
In one study, rugby had the second highest rate of dental injuries among team sports, just behind hockey. In fact, up to 39% of rugby players report some form of dental trauma during their careers.
How Mouthguards Work
A mouthguard is made from soft, durable plastic. It fits over the upper teeth and, when worn correctly, forms a protective layer. Here’s a quick comparison of how a mouthguard works compared to no mouthguard:
| With Mouthguard | Without Mouthguard |
|---|---|
| Absorbs shock from blows | Direct impact on teeth and jaw |
| Reduces risk of tooth loss | High chance of chipped or lost teeth |
| Protects soft tissues | More cuts on lips, cheeks, tongue |
| May reduce concussion risk | No jaw cushioning for brain impact |
Mouthguards are most effective when they fit well. Poorly fitted mouthguards can fall out or even cause choking. That’s why many professional players choose custom-fitted versions made by dentists.
Types Of Mouthguards Used In Rugby
Not all mouthguards are the same. Rugby players can choose from three main types:
- Stock mouthguards: Ready to use, cheap, but often bulky and uncomfortable.
- Boil-and-bite mouthguards: Softened in hot water, then shaped to the mouth. These are popular among amateurs for better fit and comfort.
- Custom-fitted mouthguards: Made by dental professionals from a mold of your teeth. These fit best, stay in place, and offer the highest level of protection.
Here’s a quick look at the pros and cons of each:
| Type | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Stock | Cheap, easy to find | Poor fit, can fall out |
| Boil-and-bite | Better fit, affordable | Can be bulky, not as durable |
| Custom-fitted | Best fit, most comfortable | More expensive, takes time to make |
Rules And Regulations
In many rugby leagues and competitions, wearing a mouthguard is mandatory. For example, World Rugby strongly recommends their use, and some national bodies require them at all youth levels. Referees may check for mouthguards before a match starts, especially for junior players.
Players who refuse to wear a mouthguard may not be allowed to play. This rule isn’t just for safety. It also helps reduce the overall cost of dental injuries, which can be expensive for both players and teams.
Non-obvious Benefits Of Wearing A Mouthguard
Most people know mouthguards protect teeth, but there are some lesser-known benefits:
- Speech and breathing: A well-fitted mouthguard does not block breathing or make it hard to talk on the field. Some players actually communicate better because they’re not afraid of getting hurt when they speak.
- Building confidence: Knowing your teeth and mouth are protected can make you play harder and tackle with more confidence. Some players report feeling less anxious about contact.
- Reducing long-term dental costs: Dental repairs are costly. Preventing just one injury with a mouthguard can save hundreds or even thousands of dollars over a career.
What Happens If A Player Doesn’t Wear A Mouthguard?
Choosing not to wear a mouthguard is risky. Here’s what can happen:
- Players face a much higher chance of dental and facial injuries.
- Some insurance companies may not cover dental injuries if the player wasn’t wearing a mouthguard during a game.
- Missing teeth or damaged gums can affect not only a player’s career but also their daily life, from eating to speaking.
A famous example: in one top-level match, a player lost three front teeth after a collision. He was not wearing a mouthguard. The recovery was long and painful, with several dental surgeries needed.
Tips For Choosing And Using A Mouthguard
For the best protection, follow these tips:
- Choose the right type: If you play often, invest in a custom-fitted mouthguard. For casual players, boil-and-bite is a good start.
- Check the fit: A good mouthguard should fit snugly and not fall out when you talk.
- Keep it clean: Wash your mouthguard after every use to prevent bacteria buildup.
- Replace when needed: Mouthguards wear down over time. If it feels loose or has holes, get a new one.
- Store properly: Keep your mouthguard in a ventilated case to avoid damage and germs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why Are Mouthguards Mandatory In Some Rugby Leagues?
Mouthguards are required in many leagues to reduce injuries and protect players. This also helps lower medical costs for teams and families.
Can A Mouthguard Prevent Concussions?
While mouthguards mainly protect teeth and soft tissues, some research suggests they may reduce concussion risk by absorbing jaw impact. However, they cannot fully prevent concussions.
How Often Should I Replace My Rugby Mouthguard?
Replace your mouthguard every season or sooner if it becomes worn, damaged, or loose. Growing children may need new mouthguards more often.
Do Professional Rugby Players Use Custom Mouthguards?
Yes, most professional players use custom-fitted mouthguards. These offer the best fit and protection, especially in high-impact matches.
Where Can I Find More Information On Sports Mouthguards?
You can find detailed guidance on mouthguards and injury prevention from MouthHealthy by the American Dental Association.
Wearing a mouthguard in rugby isn’t just about following the rules—it’s about protecting your health, your smile, and your career. The right mouthguard can make all the difference on and off the field. So next time you watch a rugby game, you’ll know exactly why that small piece of plastic is so important.
